Glass fiber usually consists of pure glass (SiO2) core and less pure glass or plastic cladding. Plastic fibers typically consist of PMMA (acrylic acid) or polycarbonate cores with silicone cladding. In this article, we cover the differences between glass and plastic fiber and how to determine when it is best to use one over the other. Although similar, they have marked differences in their applications.

Advantages of Glass Fiber Optic:

1. Has a larger numerical aperture, allowing more light to enter the system - 0.25-1

2. Able to withstand and adapt to more extreme temperatures

3. Can handle wet and corrosive environments without degradation

4. Capable of transmitting a wider spectral range from ultraviolet, visible and infrared light (200-2200 nm)

5. It usually shows less loss through the system

Glass optical fibers have higher transparency with lower loss. They are ideal in corrosive environments or extreme temperatures. Glass fiber optic light guides are used widely as endoscopy for the medical industry.

Advantages of Plastic Fiber Optic:

1. More flexible, able to bend further without cracking or breaking

2.  Able to withstand vibration and unstable environment

3.  Lower material costs and generally less complex manufacturing

Plastic optical fibers have great flexibility and are lighter in weight. They can withstand vibration and unstable environments. These characteristics make plastic fibers preferred for more illumination and decorative applications, such as backlighting and trim lighting. Due to the flexibility and vibration resistance of plastic fibers, they are also great for automotive and industrial lighting purposes.

In a word, fiber optics can be used in a wide variety of applications. The best material choice depends on what type of application your fiber will be going in to.